| AZERBAIDJANI LANGUAGE
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SOME FACTS
Azerbaijani language
The term "Azeri language" is
also sometimes used to refer to a dialect
of the Tat language spoken in Azerbaijan.
The Azerbaijanian language, also called
Azeri, Azari, Azeri Turkish, or Azerbaijanian
Turkish, is the official language of Republic
of Azerbaijan. Some dialects of the language
are spoken in many parts of Iran (but most
notably in the northwestern areas, known
as the Iranian Azarbaijan), where it is
the most popular minority language and there
are more speakers than any other country
in the world. The language is also spoken
in Russia's Republic of Dagestan, south-eastern
Georgia, northern Iraq, and eastern Turkey.
There are approximately between 22 and
50 million native Azerbaijanian speakers.
It is a Turkic language of Oghuz branch,
closely related to Turkish and also historically
influenced by Persian and Arabic languages.
History and Evolution
The Azerbaijani language of today was brought
in from Central Asia by the Oghuz Seljuk
Turks. It gradually supplanted the previous
languages - Tat and Pahlavi in the south,
and a variety of Caucasian languages, particularly
Udi, further north - and had become the
dominant language before the Safavid dynasty;
however, minorities in both the Republic
of Azerbaijan and Iran continue to speak
the earlier languages to this day, and Pahlavi
and Persian loanwords are numerous in Azerbaijani.
It became a literary language early on,
with some works from as early as the 11th
century. The Russian conquest of northern
Azerbaijan in the 19th century split the
speech community across two states; the
Soviet Union promoted development of the
language, but set it back considerably with
two successive script changes - from Arabic
alphabet to Latin to Cyrillic - while Iranian
Azeris continued to use Arabic as they always
had. After independence, the Republic of
Azerbaijan decided to switch again, to the
Latin script, following the Turkish model.
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