| DUTCH LANGUAGE
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SOME FACTS
Dutch language, member of the West Germanic
group of the Germanic subfamily of the Indo-European
family of languages. Also called Netherlandish,
it is spoken by about 15 million inhabitants
of the Netherlands, where it is the national
language, and by about 300,000 people in
the Western Hemisphere. The written and
spoken forms of Dutch differ significantly.
For example, written Dutch exhibits far
greater formality than spoken Dutch in both
grammar and vocabulary. One reason for this
divergence is that written Dutch evolved
from the Flemish dialect spoken in the culturally
advanced Flanders and Brabant of the 15th
cent., whereas modern spoken Dutch grew
out of the vernacular of the province of
Holland, which became dominant after the
16th cent.. Also, written Dutch is relatively
uniform, while the spoken language has a
number of dialects as well as an official
standard form. The Roman alphabet is used
for Dutch, and the earliest existing texts
in the language go back to the late 12th
cent. Among the words with which Dutch has
enriched the English vocabulary are: brandy,
cole slaw, cookie, cruiser, dock, easel,
freight, landscape, spook, stoop, and yacht.
Dutch is noteworthy as the language of an
outstanding literature, but it also became
important as the tongue of an enterprising
people, who, though comparatively few in
number, made their mark on the world community
through trade and empire.
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