| HUNGARIAN LANGUAGE
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SOME FACTS
Hungarian language, also called Magyar,
member of the Ugric group of the Finno-Ugric
languages. These languages form a subdivision
of the Uralic subfamily of the Ural-Altaic
family of languages. Hungarian is spoken
by approximately 10 million people in Hungary
and by an additional 3 million throughout
Eastern Europe, Russia, the United States,
and elsewhere. There are a number of dialects.
Like the other Uralic and Altaic languages,
Hungarian has vowel harmony and agglutination.
Suffixes or postpositions are used extensively.
The noun has about 25 cases, and the verb
is inflected to a considerable degree. Hungarian
has a definite article and an indefinite
article, both of which are lacking in the
related languages of Finnish and Turkish.
There is no grammatical gender in Hungarian.
The first syllable of a word is stressed.
During the first millennium A.D., Hungarian
was written in a script akin to that of
the oldest Turkic writing, but in the 11th
cent. A.D. the Roman alphabet was introduced
and subsequently was adopted in a modified
form. The earliest extant Hungarian documents
in the Roman alphabet go back to the 13th
cent. and are the oldest texts of a Uralic
language. The vocabulary of Hungarian has
borrowed words from other languages, especially
the Turkic languages, the Slavic languages,
and German.
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